| 李鹤虹,罗良平.婴幼儿肺结核胸外播散的影像学表现[J].中国医学影像技术,2008,24(7):1025~1028 |
| 婴幼儿肺结核胸外播散的影像学表现 |
| Imaging features of pulmonary tuberculosis with extrathoracic involvement in infants |
| 投稿时间：2007-10-26 修订日期：2008-05-12 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 婴幼儿 结核病 放射学 |
| 英文关键词:Infant Tuberculosis Radiology |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1967 |
| 全文下载次数: 778 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨婴幼儿肺结核发生胸外播散的影像特征。 方法 59例诊断肺结核的患儿(男35例, 女24例,年龄1天至12个月)中,17例发生肺结核胸外播散,诊断均通过病理检查明确。回顾性分析全部胸片及CT的影像学表现和特征。 结果 在17例胸外播散的病灶中,包括结核性脑膜(脑)炎 11例,腹膜结核 6例,脾结核3例,肝结核2例,髋关节结核1 例。增强CT显示全部病例均有纵隔淋巴结肿大,中心低密度的占70.6%;52.9%出现肺部团块样实变伴有灶性低密度;47.1%伴发胸腺萎缩;肺内播散结节发生率为29.4%;空洞17.6 %;钙化11.7%。 结论 影像学检查能提供婴幼儿结核全身播散诊断证据,其中肺部急性播散结节、带有灶性低密度区的团块样实变和伴发的胸腺萎缩提示价值最大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the imaging findings and features of pulmonary tuberculosis with extrathoracic involvement in infants. Methods Among 59 patients proved pulmonary tuberculosis by medical bacteriology, pathology or operation (35 boys and 24 girls ranging in age from 1 day to 12 months), extrathoracic involvement were detected in 17 cases. The imaging apperances and features were analyzed retrospectively. Results In all focus of extrathoracic disseminated tuberculosis, there were tuberculosis meningitis in 11 children, peritoneal tuberculosis in 6 children, splenic tuberculosis in 3 children, hepatic tuberculosis in 2 children, and 1 case of coxotuberculosis. On enhanced CT, mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy were observed in 100% patients, central necrosis was discovered in 70.6%. Masslike consolidation with low-attenuation areas was showed in 52.9% patients, associated with thymus atrophy in 47.1% patients. Disseminated pulmonary nodules were revealed in 29.4% patients. A lower prevalence of cavities were revealed in 17.6% patients and more lower prevalence of calcifications in 11.7% patients. Conclusion The radiologists may provide reliable evidence of diagnosis for pulmonary tuberculosis with extrathoracic involvement. Among these radiological features, the acute disseminated pulmonary nodules and masslike consolidations with low attenuation areas, especially associated with thymus atrophy, are the most valuable evidence of radiology. |
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