| 张璟 综述,姜玉新 审校.甲状腺癌的影像学诊断[J].中国医学影像技术,2004,20(2):308~310 |
| 甲状腺癌的影像学诊断 |
| Imaging diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 甲状腺癌 超声 放射性核素显像 体层摄影术,X线计算机 磁共振成像 |
| 英文关键词:Thyroid carcinoma Ultrasonography Radioisotope imaging Tomography,X-ray computed Magnetic resonance imaging |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 甲状腺癌的无创影像学诊断方法主要有:超声成像,放射性核素显像,计算机体层扫描成像,磁共振成像。超声成像:甲状腺癌表现为形态不规则,边界不清的低回声结节,无声晕,内部可见微钙化,浸润周围组织,可伴有淋巴结转移。彩色多普勒血流显示内部粗大纡曲的血流信号。放射性核素显像:常用的药物为99Tcm和131I 。静态成像恶性病变多为"冷结节",动态成像时,病灶于14~18 s显影,16 s时为高峰。计算机体层扫描显像:起作用主要是确定肿瘤的范围以及对周围组织的侵犯和淋巴结转移的情况。甲状腺癌表现为不规则的密度灶,边界不清,中心可出现坏死,50%~75%合并颈部淋巴结转移。磁共振成像:在T1 加权像上恶性病变与正常组织信号相似,T2加权像为高信号。传统成像方法不能很好的区分良恶性病变,应用67Ga增强后可改善这一不足。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Noninvasive imaging of thyroid carcinoma include ultrsonography,radioisotope imaging,computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging. Ultrasonography: Thyroid carcinoma manifests as a hypoecho nodule with irregular contour,ill-defined margin,microcalcification,without halo. Invasion of adjacent tissue or lymph node metastasis are common. On color Doppler flow imaging intranodular blood flow is valuable. Radioisotope imaging: The commonly used drug are 99Tcm and 131I. Malignant lesions are often "cold nodule". In dynamic imaging they are seen at 14-18 s and the peak is at 16s. Magnetic resonance imaging: On T1-weighted image the signal of malignant lesion is similar with normal thyroid,on T2-weighted image the signal is high intensity. Conventional imaging can not differentiate malignant from benign. Now with 67Ga enhancing this condition might be improved. Computed tomography: It is always used to define the scale of the tumor and the metastasis of lymph node. The malignant lesion can be low density with irregular shape and ill-defined margin. Enlarged lymph nodes are common. |
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